CRCritically Endangered

Throw-wax

Bupleurum rotundifolium

Conservation status data sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

57

Countries

01Classification

Taxonomy & Classification

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Apiales

Family

Apiaceae

Genus

Bupleurum

Throw-wax belongs to the family Apiaceae, order Apiales, within the Magnoliopsida class.

02Description

Species Profile

Species profile data sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Throw-wax faces severe population declines primarily due to intensive agricultural practices that have eliminated its traditional arable habitat. The species has experienced dramatic range contractions across Europe as modern farming methods, including herbicide use and changes in crop rotation practices, have made agricultural landscapes inhospitable to this annual plant.

Key Facts

IUCN StatusCritically Endangered (CR)
GroupPlants
03Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Throw-wax occurs in disturbed agricultural soils, particularly cereal fields, field margins, and other cultivated areas with calcareous or clay-rich soils. The species thrives in traditional extensive farming systems with crop rotation and requires open, sunny conditions with minimal competition from other vegetation.

TERRESTRIALMajorTERRESTRIALMajorTERRESTRIALMajor
04Threats

Threats

!

IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered

Throw-wax faces severe population declines primarily due to intensive agricultural practices that have eliminated its traditional arable habitat. The species has experienced dramatic range contractions across Europe as modern farming methods, including herbicide use and changes in crop rotation practices, have made agricultural landscapes inhospitable to this annual plant.

Agricultural intensification and herbicide use

HighOngoing

Habitat fragmentation in agricultural landscapes

HighOngoing

Loss of traditional farming practices

HighOngoing

Climate change affecting germination patterns

MediumOngoing

Competition from invasive plant species

MediumOngoing
Community

Community Sightings

Report a sighting

No community sightings yet. Be the first to report!

07Sources

Sources & Attribution

How to Cite

IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS

GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org

This page: SpeciesRadar (2025). Throw-wax (Bupleurum rotundifolium). SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/species/throw-wax

Full citation guide & data usage terms