EN

Hispaniolan Pine

Pinus occidentalis

Declining

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Pinus occidentalis faces severe pressure from deforestation driven by agricultural expansion and charcoal production, which has eliminated much of its original montane forest habitat. Urban development and infrastructure projects continue to fragment remaining populations, while climate change threatens to shift suitable habitat zones upward beyond the species' current elevational range. Invasive plant species and altered fire regimes further degrade the pine's specialized mountain ecosystem.

Threat summary

Habitat

Pinus occidentalis is endemic to the mountainous regions of Hispaniola, occurring in montane pine forests at elevations between 200-3,000 meters. The species thrives in well-drained soils on steep slopes and ridges, forming pure stands or mixed forests with other native conifers in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

Rocky areas· major

Conservation measures underway

Policies and regulations

Other threatened species in PINACEAE

VU

Rzedowski's Pine

Pinus rzedowskii

Stable
VU

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Picea likiangensis

Unknown
EN

Monterey Pine

Pinus radiata

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Hispaniola PupfishEN

Hispaniola Pupfish

Cyprinodon bondi

Unknown
Humped BladderwortCR

Humped Bladderwort

Utricularia gibba

Unknown
EN

Black-throated Stout Anole

Anolis armouri

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Bay-breasted Cuckoo

Coccyzus rufigularis

Declining

Frequently asked questions

Why is Hispaniolan Pine classified as Endangered?
Hispaniolan Pine is classified as Endangered — facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild — because population numbers are declining steeply and key habitats are under sustained pressure. Pinus occidentalis faces severe pressure from deforestation driven by agricultural expansion and charcoal production, which has eliminated much of its original montane forest habitat. Urban development and infrastructure projects continue to fragment remaining populations, while climate change threatens to shift suitable habitat zones upward beyond the species' current elevational range. Invasive plant species and altered fire regimes further degrade the pine's specialized mountain ecosystem.
Where does Hispaniolan Pine live?
Hispaniolan Pine occurs in Dominican Republic, and Haiti. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Hispaniolan Pine?
The main threats to Hispaniolan Pine are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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