CRCritically Endangered

large greasewort

Aneura maxima

Aneura maxima is a large, robust liverwort species characterized by its broad, dark green thallus that can reach exceptional sizes compared to other members of its genus. This bryophyte plays a crucial ecological role in maintaining moisture levels and providing microhabitat structure in specialized wetland environments, while also contributing to nutrient cycling through its decomposition processes.

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Countries

01Classification

Taxonomy & Classification

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Marchantiophyta

Class

Jungermanniopsida

Order

Metzgeriales

Family

Aneuraceae

Genus

Aneura

large greasewort belongs to the family Aneuraceae, order Metzgeriales, within the Jungermanniopsida class.

02Description

Species Profile

Aneura maxima is a large, robust liverwort species characterized by its broad, dark green thallus that can reach exceptional sizes compared to other members of its genus. This bryophyte plays a crucial ecological role in maintaining moisture levels and providing microhabitat structure in specialized wetland environments, while also contributing to nutrient cycling through its decomposition processes.

Aneura maxima, a critically endangered liverwort, faces severe threats from habitat destruction and degradation of its specialized wetland environments. The species has an extremely limited distribution and small population size, making it highly vulnerable to environmental changes and human disturbances. Climate change and altered hydrology pose additional risks to the moist, stable conditions this bryophyte requires for survival.

Key Facts

IUCN StatusCritically Endangered (CR)
GroupPlants
03Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Aneura maxima inhabits permanently moist to wet acidic soils along stream banks, seepage areas, and the margins of bogs and fens where consistent water flow maintains optimal humidity levels. The species typically occurs in partially shaded locations where organic matter accumulates and pH remains low.

04Threats

Threats

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IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered

Aneura maxima, a critically endangered liverwort, faces severe threats from habitat destruction and degradation of its specialized wetland environments. The species has an extremely limited distribution and small population size, making it highly vulnerable to environmental changes and human disturbances. Climate change and altered hydrology pose additional risks to the moist, stable conditions this bryophyte requires for survival.

Climate change and altered precipitation patterns

HighOngoing

Habitat destruction and fragmentation

HighOngoing

Hydrological changes and water management

HighOngoing

Small population size and genetic bottlenecks

HighOngoing

Invasive species competition

MediumOngoing
07National Status

National vs Global Threat Status

How this species is assessed at the national level compared to its IUCN global status (CR).

CountryNational StatusGlobal StatusComparison
EUDDData DeficientCRCritically EndangeredLower local risk
EUDDData DeficientCRCritically EndangeredLower local risk

National Red List data sourced from the National Red List Project (nationalredlist.org, ZSL) and country-specific Red List authorities.

Community

Community Sightings

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07Sources

Sources & Attribution

How to Cite

IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS

GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org

National Red Lists: ZSL (2025). National Red List. Zoological Society of London. Available at: https://www.nationalredlist.org

This page: SpeciesRadar (2025). large greasewort (Aneura maxima). SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/species/large-greasewort

Full citation guide & data usage terms