ENEndangered

Ekaha

Elaphoglossum paleaceum

Ekaha (Elaphoglossum paleaceum) is an endemic Hawaiian fern species characterized by its distinctive leathery, tongue-shaped fronds that are covered in silvery-brown scales on the undersides. This epiphytic fern plays an important ecological role in native Hawaiian forest ecosystems by contributing to canopy biodiversity and providing microhabitat for invertebrates and other small organisms.

26

Countries

01Classification

Taxonomy & Classification

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Polypodiopsida

Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae

Genus

Elaphoglossum

Ekaha belongs to the family Dryopteridaceae, order Polypodiales, within the Polypodiopsida class.

02Description

Species Profile

Ekaha (Elaphoglossum paleaceum) is an endemic Hawaiian fern species characterized by its distinctive leathery, tongue-shaped fronds that are covered in silvery-brown scales on the undersides. This epiphytic fern plays an important ecological role in native Hawaiian forest ecosystems by contributing to canopy biodiversity and providing microhabitat for invertebrates and other small organisms.

Elaphoglossum paleaceum faces severe threats from habitat destruction due to deforestation and agricultural expansion in its limited range. The species is particularly vulnerable due to its restricted distribution and specialized habitat requirements in montane cloud forests.

Key Facts

IUCN StatusEndangered (EN)
GroupPlants
03Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Ekaha grows as an epiphyte on native tree trunks and branches in mesic to wet Hawaiian forests, typically at elevations between 300-1,200 meters. The species thrives in the humid, shaded understory of native ʻōhiʻa lehua and koa forests where consistent moisture and filtered light create optimal growing conditions.

04Threats

Threats

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IUCN Red List: Endangered

Elaphoglossum paleaceum faces severe threats from habitat destruction due to deforestation and agricultural expansion in its limited range. The species is particularly vulnerable due to its restricted distribution and specialized habitat requirements in montane cloud forests.

Agricultural expansion and land conversion

HighOngoing

Deforestation and forest clearance

HighOngoing

Limited range making populations vulnerable

HighOngoing

Climate change affecting cloud forest conditions

MediumOngoing
Community

Community Sightings

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07Sources

Sources & Attribution

How to Cite

IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS

GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org

This page: SpeciesRadar (2025). Ekaha (Elaphoglossum paleaceum). SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/species/ekaha

Full citation guide & data usage terms