Cottus paulus
Photo: Wikimedia Commons (CC) via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmy_sculpin
Overview
The pygmy sculpin is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. It is endemic to Alabama in the United States. It inhabits Coldwater Spring and its associated spring run in the Coosa River and Choccolocco Creek systems.
Cottus paulus faces severe threats from habitat degradation and water quality decline in its limited freshwater range. Dam construction and water diversions have fragmented populations and altered natural flow regimes essential for spawning. Agricultural runoff and urban development have increased sedimentation and pollution levels, while invasive species compete for resources and prey on juveniles.
Habitat
This sculpin inhabits cool, clear freshwater streams and rivers with rocky substrates and moderate to swift currents. It requires well-oxygenated waters with stable temperatures and clean gravel beds for spawning.
