ENEndangered

Least Stonewort

Nitella confervacea

Least Stonewort (Nitella confervacea) is a delicate freshwater charophyte algae characterized by its translucent green, branching structure that resembles an underwater plant. This species forms dense underwater meadows in shallow waters and plays a crucial ecological role by providing oxygen, stabilizing sediments, and creating habitat for aquatic invertebrates and fish spawning areas.

01Classification

Taxonomy & Classification

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Charophyta

Class

Charophyceae

Order

Charales

Family

Characeae

Genus

Nitella

Least Stonewort belongs to the family Characeae, order Charales, within the Charophyceae class.

02Description

Species Profile

Least Stonewort (Nitella confervacea) is a delicate freshwater charophyte algae characterized by its translucent green, branching structure that resembles an underwater plant. This species forms dense underwater meadows in shallow waters and plays a crucial ecological role by providing oxygen, stabilizing sediments, and creating habitat for aquatic invertebrates and fish spawning areas.

Least Stonewort (Nitella confervacea) is declining primarily due to habitat loss and degradation of its freshwater aquatic environments. Water pollution, eutrophication from agricultural runoff, and physical disturbance of shallow water bodies have severely reduced suitable habitat for this charophyte algae.

Key Facts

IUCN StatusEndangered (EN)
GroupPlants
03Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Least Stonewort inhabits shallow, clear freshwater environments including pristine lakes, slow-moving streams, and temporary pools with sandy or muddy substrates. The species requires low-nutrient, alkaline waters with good light penetration and minimal disturbance from wave action or human activities.

04Threats

Threats

!

IUCN Red List: Endangered

Least Stonewort (Nitella confervacea) is declining primarily due to habitat loss and degradation of its freshwater aquatic environments. Water pollution, eutrophication from agricultural runoff, and physical disturbance of shallow water bodies have severely reduced suitable habitat for this charophyte algae.

Agricultural runoff and nutrient loading

HighOngoing

Habitat loss and degradation of freshwater bodies

HighOngoing

Water pollution and eutrophication

HighOngoing

Physical disturbance of shallow water habitats

MediumOngoing

Water level fluctuations and hydrological changes

MediumOngoing
Community

Community Sightings

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07Sources

Sources & Attribution

How to Cite

IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS

GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org

This page: SpeciesRadar (2025). Least Stonewort (Nitella confervacea). SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/species/least-stonewort

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