CR

Itatiaia Tree Toad

Hylodes glaber

Unknown

Overview

Hylodes glaber or the Itatiaia tree toad is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and has been observed in and near Itatiaia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hylodes glaber faces severe threats from habitat destruction in Brazil's Atlantic Forest, one of the world's most endangered biomes. Deforestation for agriculture, urban expansion, and infrastructure development has fragmented the species' already limited range. Water pollution from agricultural runoff and urban waste degrades the pristine stream environments essential for this frog's survival and reproduction.

Threat summary

Habitat

This species inhabits rocky streams and adjacent riparian forests within Brazil's Atlantic Forest biome. It requires clean, fast-flowing water with rocky substrates for breeding and forested areas with high humidity levels.

Forest· majorGrassland· major

Conservation measures underway

Species managementSpecies recoveryEx-situ conservation

Other threatened species in HYLODIDAE

EN

Crossodactylus timbuhy

Unknown
VU

Crossodactylus werneri

Declining
CR

Crossodactylus boulengeri

Unknown
EN

Hylodes perere

Declining

Threatened in Brazil

Striped SmoothhoundCR

Striped Smoothhound

Mustelus fasciatus

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VU

Mussismilia hispida

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VU

Myrcia carioca

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Brasilia TapaculoEN

Brasilia Tapaculo

Scytalopus novacapitalis

Declining

Frequently asked questions

Why is Itatiaia Tree Toad classified as Critically Endangered?
Itatiaia Tree Toad is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Hylodes glaber faces severe threats from habitat destruction in Brazil's Atlantic Forest, one of the world's most endangered biomes. Deforestation for agriculture, urban expansion, and infrastructure development has fragmented the species' already limited range. Water pollution from agricultural runoff and urban waste degrades the pristine stream environments essential for this frog's survival and reproduction.
Where does Itatiaia Tree Toad live?
Itatiaia Tree Toad occurs in Brazil. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Itatiaia Tree Toad?
The main threats to Itatiaia Tree Toad are 5.3, 8.1, ai-1, and ai-2. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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