Hygrophorus penarioides
Local name: ekgräddvaxskivling
Hygrophorus penarioides is a species of mushroom in the Hygrophoraceae. Found in Sweden, it grows in a mycorrhizal association with oak trees.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons (CC) via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygrophorus_penarioides
Taxonomy & Classification
Kingdom
Fungi
Phylum
Basidiomycota
Class
Agaricomycetes
Order
Agaricales
Family
Hygrophoraceae
Genus
Hygrophorus
Hygrophorus penarioides belongs to the family Hygrophoraceae, order Agaricales, within the Agaricomycetes class.
Species Profile
Hygrophorus penarioides is a species of mushroom in the Hygrophoraceae. Found in Sweden, it grows in a mycorrhizal association with oak trees. It was formerly identified as Hygrophorus penarius, a similar species typically found in association with both beech and oak; analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequence data demonstrated that the species were different.
Hygrophorus penarioides faces significant threats from habitat loss and degradation of its specialized forest ecosystems. Climate change poses additional risks by altering the moisture and temperature conditions essential for this fungus and its mycorrhizal host relationships. The species' limited distribution and specific ecological requirements make it particularly vulnerable to environmental changes.
Key Facts
Habitat & Distribution
This species occurs in mature coniferous and mixed forests, particularly in association with spruce and fir trees where it forms mycorrhizal relationships. It typically inhabits moist, well-developed forest soils in temperate and boreal regions at various elevations.
Threats
Climate change affecting moisture regimes
Habitat loss and forest fragmentation
Air pollution and acid deposition
Disruption of mycorrhizal host relationships
Intensive forestry practices
Community Sightings
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Sources & Attribution
How to Cite
IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS
GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org
This page: SpeciesRadar (2025). Hygrophorus penarioides (Hygrophorus penarioides). SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/species/ekgraddvaxskivling