Belgrandia gfrast
Overview
A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.
Belgrandia gfrast faces severe threats from groundwater extraction and pollution in its limited karst spring habitats. Urban development and agricultural intensification in the surrounding watershed have altered water chemistry and flow patterns, while climate change threatens to reduce spring discharge rates. The species' extremely restricted range makes it particularly vulnerable to any localized environmental disturbances.
Habitat
This freshwater gastropod is endemic to karst springs and associated groundwater systems in southeastern Europe. It inhabits cool, mineral-rich spring waters with stable temperatures and specific chemical compositions typical of limestone aquifer discharge zones.
