Jamaica Giant Galliwasp
Celestus occiduus
Photo: Wikimedia Commons (CC) via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_giant_galliwasp
Overview
The Jamaican giant galliwasp or sinking galliwasp is a possibly extinct species of lizard in the Diploglossidae. It was endemic to Jamaica. It was last recorded in mid-19th century. Its population was ravaged and likely exterminated by introduced predators like mongooses. Recent surveys, while extensive, have not yet been exhaustive, given the difficulties of access into and around the Black River Morass, leaving room for some hope that the species may persist.
Celestus occiduus faces severe population decline primarily due to extensive habitat destruction from agricultural expansion and urban development across its limited range in Jamaica. The species' restricted distribution makes it particularly vulnerable to localized threats, with remaining populations fragmented by human activities. Introduced predators and competitors further pressure the already small population, while climate change may alter the specific microhabitat conditions this endemic lizard requires.
Habitat
This endemic Jamaican lizard inhabits humid limestone forests and woodland areas, typically found in leaf litter and under rocks or fallen logs. The species requires specific microhabitat conditions with adequate moisture and cover, making it highly dependent on intact forest ecosystems.
Conservation measures underway
Other threatened species in DIPLOGLOSSIDAE
Threatened in Jamaica
Frequently asked questions
Why is Jamaica Giant Galliwasp classified as Critically Endangered?
Where does Jamaica Giant Galliwasp live?
What are the main threats to Jamaica Giant Galliwasp?
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