CR

Pentagonia orthoneura

Unknown

Overview

Pentagonia macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae, native from south-eastern Nicaragua to Ecuador. It was first described by George Bentham in 1844.

Pentagonia orthoneura faces severe population decline primarily due to extensive deforestation and habitat fragmentation across its limited range in Central American cloud forests. Agricultural expansion, particularly cattle ranching and coffee cultivation, has eliminated much of its specialized montane habitat. Climate change poses an additional threat by altering the temperature and humidity conditions essential for this species' survival in high-elevation ecosystems.

Threat summary

Habitat

This species inhabits pristine cloud forests and montane rainforests at elevations between 1,200-2,000 meters in Central America. It requires dense, humid forest canopy with specific temperature and moisture conditions typical of high-elevation tropical ecosystems.

Other threatened species in RUBIACEAE

EN

Arachnothryx tacanensis

Declining
CR

Arachnothryx tenorioi

Unknown
VU

Aidia abeidii

Unknown
EN

Arachnothryx tuxtlensis

Declining

Frequently asked questions

Why is Pentagonia orthoneura classified as Critically Endangered?
Pentagonia orthoneura is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Pentagonia orthoneura faces severe population decline primarily due to extensive deforestation and habitat fragmentation across its limited range in Central American cloud forests. Agricultural expansion, particularly cattle ranching and coffee cultivation, has eliminated much of its specialized montane habitat. Climate change poses an additional threat by altering the temperature and humidity conditions essential for this species' survival in high-elevation ecosystems.
Where does Pentagonia orthoneura live?
Pentagonia orthoneura occurs in across multiple regions. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Pentagonia orthoneura?
The main threats to Pentagonia orthoneura are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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