VU

Parosphromenus bintan

Unknown

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Parosphromenus bintan faces severe habitat degradation from palm oil plantation expansion and urban development across its limited range on Bintan Island, Indonesia. Peat swamp forest destruction has eliminated critical breeding habitats, while water pollution from agricultural runoff and industrial activities degrades remaining freshwater systems. The species' extremely restricted distribution makes it particularly vulnerable to localized environmental changes and collection pressure for the aquarium trade.

Threat summary

Habitat

This species inhabits shallow, acidic peat swamp forests and associated slow-moving streams with soft, tannin-stained water on Bintan Island. It requires dense aquatic vegetation and leaf litter substrates typical of Southeast Asian blackwater environments.

Wetlands (inland) - Bogs, marshes, swamps, fens· major

Conservation measures underway

Resource & habitat protectionSpecies managementSpecies recoveryAwareness & communications

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Frequently asked questions

Why is Parosphromenus bintan classified as Vulnerable?
Parosphromenus bintan is classified as Vulnerable because the population is declining and the species faces a high risk of extinction in the medium-term future if current pressures continue. Parosphromenus bintan faces severe habitat degradation from palm oil plantation expansion and urban development across its limited range on Bintan Island, Indonesia. Peat swamp forest destruction has eliminated critical breeding habitats, while water pollution from agricultural runoff and industrial activities degrades remaining freshwater systems. The species' extremely restricted distribution makes it particularly vulnerable to localized environmental changes and collection pressure for the aquarium trade.
Where does Parosphromenus bintan live?
Parosphromenus bintan occurs in Indonesia. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Parosphromenus bintan?
The main threats to Parosphromenus bintan are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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