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Oncorhynchus gilae

Unknown

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

The Gila trout faces severe threats from habitat degradation and non-native fish introductions that have eliminated it from most of its historic range. Hybridization with introduced rainbow trout poses a particularly serious genetic threat, while brook trout and brown trout compete for resources and prey on juveniles. Climate change exacerbates these pressures by reducing stream flows and increasing water temperatures in the high-elevation streams where remaining populations persist.

Threat summary

Habitat

Gila trout inhabit cold, clear mountain streams and headwater tributaries in the Gila River drainage system of New Mexico and Arizona. They require well-oxygenated waters with temperatures below 25°C and are typically found at elevations between 1,500 and 3,000 meters in forested watersheds.

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Frequently asked questions

Why is Oncorhynchus gilae classified as Endangered?
Oncorhynchus gilae is classified as Endangered — facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild — because population numbers are declining steeply and key habitats are under sustained pressure. The Gila trout faces severe threats from habitat degradation and non-native fish introductions that have eliminated it from most of its historic range. Hybridization with introduced rainbow trout poses a particularly serious genetic threat, while brook trout and brown trout compete for resources and prey on juveniles. Climate change exacerbates these pressures by reducing stream flows and increasing water temperatures in the high-elevation streams where remaining populations persist.
Where does Oncorhynchus gilae live?
Oncorhynchus gilae occurs in across multiple regions. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Oncorhynchus gilae?
The main threats to Oncorhynchus gilae are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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