VU

Haplochromis orthostoma

Unknown

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Haplochromis orthostoma faces severe pressure from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines across native cichlid communities. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage discharge has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in critical breeding areas. Overfishing using fine-mesh nets has further reduced population numbers, while habitat modification from shoreline development continues to eliminate shallow breeding zones essential for this species' reproductive success.

Threat summary

Habitat

Haplochromis orthostoma inhabits the shallow rocky and sandy shores of Lake Victoria, typically found at depths of 1-6 meters where it feeds among submerged vegetation and rocky crevices. The species prefers areas with moderate water movement and abundant algal growth, particularly around islands and protected bays.

FRESHWATER· major

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Frequently asked questions

Why is Haplochromis orthostoma classified as Vulnerable?
Haplochromis orthostoma is classified as Vulnerable because the population is declining and the species faces a high risk of extinction in the medium-term future if current pressures continue. Haplochromis orthostoma faces severe pressure from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines across native cichlid communities. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage discharge has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in critical breeding areas. Overfishing using fine-mesh nets has further reduced population numbers, while habitat modification from shoreline development continues to eliminate shallow breeding zones essential for this species' reproductive success.
Where does Haplochromis orthostoma live?
Haplochromis orthostoma occurs in Uganda. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Haplochromis orthostoma?
The main threats to Haplochromis orthostoma are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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