VU

Ilex maingayi

Unknown

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Ilex maingayi faces significant pressure from deforestation and habitat conversion throughout its Southeast Asian range, particularly in Malaysia and Thailand where lowland forests are being cleared for palm oil plantations and urban development. The species' restricted distribution to specific forest types makes it especially vulnerable to localized habitat loss, while logging activities fragment remaining populations and reduce genetic connectivity between isolated stands.

Threat summary

Habitat

This holly species inhabits lowland and hill dipterocarp forests, typically found in primary and secondary forest understories at elevations up to 800 meters. It occurs in both wet and dry forest types across peninsular Malaysia, southern Thailand, and parts of Borneo, preferring areas with consistent moisture and partial shade.

Forest· majorWetlands (inland) - Bogs, marshes, swamps, fens· majorRocky areas· major

Other threatened species in AQUIFOLIACEAE

CR

Ilex dimorphophylla

Declining
EN

Ilex condensata

Declining
VU

Ilex pseudoebenacea

Unknown
EN

Ilex subrotundifolia

Stable

Frequently asked questions

Why is Ilex maingayi classified as Vulnerable?
Ilex maingayi is classified as Vulnerable because the population is declining and the species faces a high risk of extinction in the medium-term future if current pressures continue. Ilex maingayi faces significant pressure from deforestation and habitat conversion throughout its Southeast Asian range, particularly in Malaysia and Thailand where lowland forests are being cleared for palm oil plantations and urban development. The species' restricted distribution to specific forest types makes it especially vulnerable to localized habitat loss, while logging activities fragment remaining populations and reduce genetic connectivity between isolated stands.
Where does Ilex maingayi live?
Ilex maingayi occurs in across multiple regions. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Ilex maingayi?
The main threats to Ilex maingayi are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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