Caecocypris basimi
Overview
Caecocypris basimi, the Haditha cavefish, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Iraq, only occurring in aquifers near Haditha. It is found in an underground sinkhole directly under a shrine the only way to access which is a well 5m below the shrine. This cavefish is the only member of its genus.
The species is classed as Critically endangered, possibly extinct, by the IUCN, as there have been no records since 1983 despite a comprehensive survey in 2012. The primary threat is water extraction, which has lowered the groundwater level. It is placed as one of the top 10 lost freshwater fishes to be found.
Caecocypris basimi faces severe threats from groundwater extraction and pollution in its extremely limited cave habitat in Iran. The species' entire population is restricted to a single underground water system, making it exceptionally vulnerable to any disturbance to local hydrology. Agricultural development and urban expansion in the surrounding area have increased pressure on the aquifer system that sustains this endemic cave fish.
Habitat
This species is endemic to underground cave systems and associated groundwater networks in Iran. It inhabits the dark, oxygen-poor waters of subterranean aquifers where it has evolved specialized adaptations for cave life.
