Greenfoot Tooth
CR

Greenfoot Tooth

Hydnellum glaucopus

Unknown

Photo: Wikimedia Commons (CC) via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydnellum_glaucopus

Overview

Hydnellum glaucopus is a species of tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae, first described as a new species in 1969 and reclassified to its current genus in 2019. The fungus produces firm, woody fruit bodies with caps reaching up to 10 cm across that range in colour from yellowish-brown to purplish-brown, featuring tooth-like spines on their underside that mature from white to pale purplish-brown. Its flesh is primarily whitish with a yellow tint, turning distinctively greyish-green at the base of the stipe, and contains compounds called glaucopins.

The species forms mycorrhizal partnerships with coniferous trees and is widespread across Europe, extending northward into Scandinavia.

Hydnellum glaucopus faces severe decline primarily due to habitat loss from deforestation and land conversion, which destroys the old-growth forests it requires for survival. Air pollution, particularly nitrogen deposition, alters soil chemistry and disrupts the delicate mycorrhizal relationships essential for this fungus. Climate change further threatens the species by altering temperature and moisture conditions in its specialized forest habitats.

Threat summary

Habitat

Hydnellum glaucopus forms an ectomycorrhizal association—a mutually beneficial partnership between its fungal filaments and the roots of coniferous trees—typically fruiting on the forest floor among needle litter and moss. The species is widespread across Europe, with its range extending northward into Scandinavia; scattered occurrences have been recorded as far north as Finnmark in northern...

TERRESTRIAL· major

Frequently asked questions

Why is Greenfoot Tooth classified as Critically Endangered?
Greenfoot Tooth is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Hydnellum glaucopus faces severe decline primarily due to habitat loss from deforestation and land conversion, which destroys the old-growth forests it requires for survival. Air pollution, particularly nitrogen deposition, alters soil chemistry and disrupts the delicate mycorrhizal relationships essential for this fungus. Climate change further threatens the species by altering temperature and moisture conditions in its specialized forest habitats.
Where does Greenfoot Tooth live?
Greenfoot Tooth occurs in across multiple regions. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Greenfoot Tooth?
The main threats to Greenfoot Tooth are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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