CR

Erythroxylum leal-costae

Declining

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Erythroxylum leal-costae faces severe threats from habitat destruction due to agricultural expansion and urban development in its restricted range. The species' extremely limited distribution makes it particularly vulnerable to localized disturbances, with deforestation for cattle ranching and crop cultivation representing the primary drivers of population decline. Climate change poses additional risks through altered precipitation patterns affecting the specialized microhabitats this endemic species requires.

Threat summary

Habitat

This critically endangered shrub is endemic to the Atlantic Forest remnants of southeastern Brazil, occurring in humid montane forests and forest edges at elevations between 800-1,200 meters. The species requires well-drained soils and partial shade conditions typical of secondary forest regeneration areas.

Other threatened species in ERYTHROXYLACEAE

VU

Erythroxylum capitatum

Declining
VU

Erythroxylum amplifolium

Declining
EN

Erythroxylum nitidum

Declining
CR

Erythroxylum sobraleanum

Declining

Threatened in Brazil

Calidris ferrugineaVU

Calidris ferruginea

Declining
CR

Sao Bento Button Frog

Cycloramphus diringshofeni

Unknown
CR

Atlantic Helicopter

Platystigma pronoti

Unknown
Artichoke CoralCR

Artichoke Coral

Scolymia cubensis

Declining

Frequently asked questions

Why is Erythroxylum leal-costae classified as Critically Endangered?
Erythroxylum leal-costae is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Erythroxylum leal-costae faces severe threats from habitat destruction due to agricultural expansion and urban development in its restricted range. The species' extremely limited distribution makes it particularly vulnerable to localized disturbances, with deforestation for cattle ranching and crop cultivation representing the primary drivers of population decline. Climate change poses additional risks through altered precipitation patterns affecting the specialized microhabitats this endemic species requires.
Where does Erythroxylum leal-costae live?
Erythroxylum leal-costae occurs in Brazil. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Erythroxylum leal-costae?
The main threats to Erythroxylum leal-costae are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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