VU

Clavija pungens

Unknown

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Clavija pungens faces significant pressure from deforestation and agricultural expansion throughout its Central American range. The species' restricted distribution in montane cloud forests makes it particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation, as these specialized ecosystems are increasingly converted for coffee cultivation and cattle ranching. Climate change poses an additional threat by altering the moisture regimes essential for cloud forest persistence at higher elevations.

Threat summary

Habitat

Clavija pungens inhabits montane cloud forests and humid tropical forests at elevations between 1,200-2,400 meters in Central America. The species requires the consistent moisture and cool temperatures characteristic of these high-altitude ecosystems, typically growing in the understory of primary and secondary forest formations.

Other threatened species in PRIMULACEAE

EN

Bonellia loeflingii

Declining
EN

Ardisia breedlovei

Declining
EN

Ardisia rarescens

Declining
CR

Geissanthus lehmannii

Declining

Frequently asked questions

Why is Clavija pungens classified as Vulnerable?
Clavija pungens is classified as Vulnerable because the population is declining and the species faces a high risk of extinction in the medium-term future if current pressures continue. Clavija pungens faces significant pressure from deforestation and agricultural expansion throughout its Central American range. The species' restricted distribution in montane cloud forests makes it particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation, as these specialized ecosystems are increasingly converted for coffee cultivation and cattle ranching. Climate change poses an additional threat by altering the moisture regimes essential for cloud forest persistence at higher elevations.
Where does Clavija pungens live?
Clavija pungens occurs in across multiple regions. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Clavija pungens?
The main threats to Clavija pungens are ai-1, ai-2, ai-3, and ai-4. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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