Chambo
Oreochromis lidole
Photo: Photo: Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA
Overview
Oreochromis lidole is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae. This tilapia is native to Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania, where it is found in Lake Malawi, Lake Malombe, the Shire River and perhaps some crater lakes further north. It is important in fisheries, but has drastically declined; it may already be extinct.
This oreochromine cichlid is locally called chambo, a name also used for two other closely related species found in the same region, O. karongae and O. squamipinnis.
Oreochromis lidole faces severe population decline primarily due to overfishing and the introduction of non-native fish species that compete for resources and alter the lake ecosystem. Habitat degradation from agricultural runoff and sedimentation has reduced water quality in its limited range. The species' restriction to a single lake system makes it extremely vulnerable to any environmental changes or human activities affecting Lake Malawi.
Habitat
Oreochromis lidole is endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa, inhabiting shallow rocky and sandy shores typically at depths of 1-10 meters. The species prefers areas with moderate wave action and clear water with rocky substrates that provide shelter and feeding opportunities.
Conservation measures underway
Other threatened species in CICHLIDAE
Threatened in Malawi
Frequently asked questions
Why is Chambo classified as Critically Endangered?
Where does Chambo live?
What are the main threats to Chambo?
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