Aquilaria cumingiana
Overview
A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.
Aquilaria cumingiana faces severe pressure from illegal harvesting for its valuable agarwood (oud), which forms in response to fungal infection and commands extremely high prices in international markets. Overexploitation has led to dramatic population declines across its range, with mature trees being selectively targeted and removed from wild populations. Habitat destruction through deforestation and agricultural conversion further compounds the species' vulnerability, fragmenting remaining populations and reducing recruitment opportunities.
Habitat
Aquilaria cumingiana inhabits tropical rainforests and secondary forests across Southeast Asia, typically growing in lowland and hill forests up to 750 meters elevation. The species prefers well-drained soils in both primary forest understory and forest edges, often occurring in mixed dipterocarp forests.
