CR

Haplochromis obesus

Declining

Overview

A detailed profile for this species is sourced from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as assessments become available.

Haplochromis obesus faces severe threats from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines through predation and competition. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in the lake's deeper waters where this species historically occurred. Overfishing and destructive fishing practices have further reduced population numbers and degraded critical breeding habitats.

Threat summary

Habitat

This cichlid fish is endemic to Lake Victoria in East Africa, where it historically inhabited deeper rocky and sandy bottom areas of the lake. The species preferred well-oxygenated waters at depths typically ranging from 10-40 meters.

FRESHWATER· major

Conservation measures underway

Species recoveryPolicies and regulations

Frequently asked questions

Why is Haplochromis obesus classified as Critically Endangered?
Haplochromis obesus is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Haplochromis obesus faces severe threats from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines through predation and competition. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in the lake's deeper waters where this species historically occurred. Overfishing and destructive fishing practices have further reduced population numbers and degraded critical breeding habitats.
Where does Haplochromis obesus live?
Haplochromis obesus occurs in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Haplochromis obesus?
The main threats to Haplochromis obesus are 8.3, 9.3, ai-1, and ai-2. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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