CR

Haplochromis percoides

Declining

Overview

Haplochromis percoides is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria. It is critically endangered, though it may now be extinct. This species can reach a length of 9.3 centimetres (3.7 in) SL.

Haplochromis percoides faces severe threats from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines through predation and competition. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in the lake's deeper waters where this species historically occurred. Overfishing using fine-mesh nets has further reduced population numbers, while habitat modification from shoreline development has eliminated critical breeding areas.

Threat summary

Habitat

This endemic cichlid inhabits the deeper rocky and sandy areas of Lake Victoria, typically found at depths of 10-40 meters. The species prefers areas with moderate water flow and rocky substrates that provide shelter and feeding opportunities among algae-covered surfaces.

FRESHWATER· major

Conservation measures underway

Species recoveryPolicies and regulations

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Frequently asked questions

Why is Haplochromis percoides classified as Critically Endangered?
Haplochromis percoides is classified as Critically Endangered — facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild — because population sizes are very small, declining sharply, or restricted to a tiny range. Haplochromis percoides faces severe threats from the introduction of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) into Lake Victoria, which has caused dramatic population declines through predation and competition. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff and sewage has degraded water quality and reduced oxygen levels in the lake's deeper waters where this species historically occurred. Overfishing using fine-mesh nets has further reduced population numbers, while habitat modification from shoreline development has eliminated critical breeding areas.
Where does Haplochromis percoides live?
Haplochromis percoides occurs in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Country-level distribution data is sourced from the IUCN Red List and cross-referenced with GBIF occurrences.
What are the main threats to Haplochromis percoides?
The main threats to Haplochromis percoides are 8.3, 9.3, ai-1, and ai-2. The full IUCN-classified threat record for this species is detailed on the species page.

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