peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore

peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore

1,243 threatened species · Biodiversity Intelligence Dashboard

Threatened Species

1,243

CR + EN + VU

Critically Endangered

222

Highest risk

Endangered

495

Very high risk

Vulnerable

526

High risk

Declining

54%

672 species

Category Breakdown
CR 222
EN 495
VU 526
CR: 222
EN: 495
VU: 526

Critically Endangered

22218%

Extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Endangered

49540%

Very high risk of extinction in the wild.

Vulnerable

52642%

High risk of extinction in the wild.

Threatened total — 1,243 species

Species by Group
🌱

plants

703

703 threatened

🐸

amphibians

165

165 threatened

🐟

fishes

109

109 threatened

🐦

birds

98

98 threatened

🐾

mammals

50

50 threatened

🪱

other invertebrates

35

35 threatened

🐢

reptiles

27

27 threatened

🦗

insects

24

24 threatened

🍄

fungi

18

18 threatened

🐚

molluscs

9

9 threatened

🦀

crustaceans

4

4 threatened

🌿

other

1

1 threatened

Global Share

2.23%

of globally threatened species

Country Rank

#29

of 253 countries

Endemic Threatened

575

Found only here

Conservation Outlook

Outlook: Deteriorating

Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore occupy a critical position within the Sundaland biodiversity hotspot, harboring exceptional species richness across tropical rainforests, peat swamps, and coastal ecosystems. The region's lowland dipterocarp forests support numerous endemic species, while mangrove systems along the Straits of Malacca provide crucial habitat corridors. According to IUCN Red List 2025 data, all 25 assessed species in this analysis are threatened, with insects comprising 64% of threatened taxa, highlighting the vulnerability of invertebrate communities.

The most pressing threats include rapid palm oil plantation expansion across Peninsular Malaysia's lowlands, urban development pressure in the Klang Valley and southern Johor, and habitat fragmentation from the extensive road network bisecting forest reserves. Singapore faces acute land scarcity challenges, while both countries experience significant impacts from peat swamp drainage and coastal reclamation projects.

Malaysia's Central Forest Spine initiative represents a major conservation framework, connecting four main forest complexes from Taman Negara to Endau-Rompin. Singapore's City in a Garden vision has created innovative urban biodiversity corridors. However, enforcement of logging restrictions remains inconsistent, and agricultural conversion continues in critical watersheds.

The trajectory appears concerning given continued forest loss rates and limited protected area expansion relative to development pressures.

Tropical Lowland RainforestPeat Swamp ForestMangrovesMontane ForestCoastal EcosystemsUrban Green Corridors
Top Threats
1.Annual & perennial non-timber crops621 species
2.Logging & wood harvesting591 species
3.Livestock farming & ranching319 species
4.Mining & quarrying195 species
5.Housing & urban areas158 species
6.Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources156 species
7.Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases112 species
8.Roads & railroads107 species

Protected Areas

33 areas · 9,049 km²

How to Cite

IUCN: IUCN (2025). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS

GBIF: GBIF.org (2025). GBIF Home Page. Available at: https://www.gbif.org

This page: SpeciesRadar (2026). peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore: Biodiversity Dashboard. SpeciesRadar: Intelligence for Earth's Biodiversity. Available at: https://speciesradar.org/countries/PE

Species counts reflect IUCN Red List threatened categories (CR, EN, VU). · Full citation guide & data usage terms

Frequently asked questions

How many threatened species are in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore has 1,243 threatened species recorded on SpeciesRadar — 222 of those are Critically Endangered, facing an extremely high risk of extinction. The figures combine IUCN Red List data with national red list assessments where available.
How many Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable species does peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore have?
Of the 1,243 threatened species in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore, 222 are Critically Endangered, 495 are Endangered, and 526 are Vulnerable. Together these three IUCN Red List categories make up the "threatened" total.
What is the most endangered species in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
Among the 222 Critically Endangered species in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore, Marila spiciformis is one of the most at-risk — featured prominently on the country dashboard. The full list of Critically Endangered species is filterable on the Species tab.
What protected areas exist in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore has 33 protected areas catalogued on SpeciesRadar, sourced from the WDPA and national designations. Notable sites include Crocker Range, Tasek Chini, Payar Island Marine Park, and Perhentian Islands Marine Park, among 29 others. The full list is sortable and downloadable on the Protected Areas tab.
Which animal and plant groups are most threatened in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
The most affected groups in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore, by number of threatened species, are plants (703), amphibians (165), and fishes (109). The full taxonomic breakdown is shown on the country dashboard.
What are the biggest threats to wildlife in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
The leading threats to threatened species in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore are annual & perennial non-timber crops, logging & wood harvesting, livestock farming & ranching, and mining & quarrying. Each threat is mapped to the species it affects in the country's threat breakdown.
How many threatened species are found only in peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore?
peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore has 575 threatened species that are endemic — found nowhere else on Earth. Because their entire global population depends on this one country, they are especially vulnerable to local habitat loss.
How many of peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore's threatened species have declining populations?
672 of peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore's threatened species have populations that are still declining. Reversing these trends is the central focus of the conservation work the country dashboard tracks.
How does peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore compare to other countries for threatened species?
peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore ranks #29 of 253 countries by number of threatened species, and accounts for roughly 2.23% of all threatened species tracked worldwide. Threat is geographically concentrated, so a high rank reflects both rich biodiversity and intense pressure on it.
Where does the data for peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore come from, and can I download it?
SpeciesRadar draws on the IUCN Red List, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the World Database on Protected Areas, and national red lists. Every table on the peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); +Singapore profile — species, national red list, and protected areas — can be downloaded as a CSV spreadsheet or a branded PDF report.